Worked example
Operation: Multiply a: 1 2 3 4 b: 1 0 0 1
→ [[1,2],[3,4]]
Method and scope
Addition and subtraction require equal dimensions. Multiplication requires columns(A)=rows(B) and computes row–column dot products, not elementwise products. Scalar multiplication uses one number.
(AB)ᵢⱼ = Σₖ AᵢₖBₖⱼ
Precision and limits
≈ marks an approximation. Display rounding does not change the internal calculation.