Worked example

Operation: RREF
a: 1	2
3	4

→ [[1,0],[0,1]]

Method and scope

Choose row echelon (REF) or reduced row echelon (RREF). Each nonzero row is scaled before pivoting. Steps record the actual row operations; pivot columns are one-based. Tiny relative pivots are treated as numerically zero.

Rᵢ ← Rᵢ − factor × Rⱼ

Precision and limits

≈ marks an approximation. Display rounding does not change the internal calculation.

Sources