Worked example

Operation: Add
a: FF
b: 1
Input base: 16
Output base: 16

→ 100

Method and scope

Exact arithmetic in bases 2–36; up to 1,024 characters per operand. Division truncates toward zero. The remainder has the dividend’s sign: −7 ÷ 3 gives q=−2, r=−1. Division by zero is rejected.

a = q × b + r; |r| < |b|

Precision and limits

≈ marks an approximation. Display rounding does not change the internal calculation.